I. Chemical Cleaning Methods
1. Caustic Soda Cleaning:
Use 4-6 kg of 98% caustic soda and treat at 130℃ for 60 minutes. This effectively removes residual dye and oil stains, especially suitable for thorough cleaning when changing dark colors to lighter ones.
Note: 1-2 kg of detergent should be used in conjunction to avoid residue affecting subsequent dyeing.
2. Degreasing Agent Cleaning:
For oil stains, use 2-3 g/L each of degreasing agent and nonionic detergent, treating at 100℃ for 20 minutes, or add 1-2 g/L of high-temperature dispersant and treat at 130℃ for 20 minutes.
Small oil stains can be treated locally with nonionic detergent, carbon tetrachloride, or gasoline.
3. Reduction Cleaning:
After dyeing, treat with 2.0 g/L of liquid alkali and 4.0 g/L of sodium hydrosulfite at 70℃ for 30 minutes. This improves color fastness, especially suitable for post-treatment of medium to dark-colored fabrics.
II. Physical Cleaning Methods
1. High-Pressure Flushing:
Start the equipment and rinse with clean water for 5-10 minutes until the water runs clear. This removes residual dye and impurities from the surface.
2. Mechanical Brushing:
Use a soft-bristled brush to clean plastic parts and a hard-bristled brush to clean metal parts. Take care to avoid damaging the equipment surface.
III. Biological Cleaning Methods
1. Activated Sludge Method:
Utilizes microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants. Suitable for treating high-concentration organic wastewater, but requires sludge treatment facilities.
2. Biofilm Method:
Degrades pollutants through a biofilm on the surface of the packing material. It requires less space and is highly effective, but requires regular maintenance.
IV. Integrated Cleaning Processes
Combining physical, chemical, and biological methods, such as sedimentation and filtration followed by neutralization and oxidation, and finally biological treatment, can comprehensively remove pollutants.
V. Operational Precautions
Wear protective clothing, gloves, and a mask during cleaning. Avoid contact with the cleaning solution.
Choose an open area away from water sources and residential areas to prevent contamination.
Clean the dyeing tank and filter screen regularly to prevent dye buildup.
